From Africa Wiki - FiveAfrica.Com, the free encyclopedia
July 30 is the 211th day of the year (212th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 154 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 762Baghdad is founded by caliph Al-Mansur.
- 1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: a crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council.
- 1502Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off the coast of Honduras during his fourth voyage.
- 1608 – At Ticonderoga (now Crown Point, New York), Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs. This was to set the tone for French-Iroquois relations for the next one hundred years.
- 1619 – In Jamestown, Virginia, the first representative assembly in the Americas, the House of Burgesses, convenes for the first time.
- 1629 – An earthquake in Naples, Italy, kills about 10,000 people.
- 1729 – Foundation of Baltimore, Maryland.
- 1733 – The first Masonic Grand Lodge in the future United States is constituted in Massachusetts.
- 1756 – In Saint Petersburg, Bartolomeo Rastrelli presents the newly-built Catherine Palace to Empress Elizabeth and her courtiers.
- 1811 – Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed by the Spanish in Chihuahua, Mexico.
- 1825Malden Island is discovered by captain George Anson Byron.
- 1859 – First ascent of Grand Combin, one of the highest summits in the Alps.
- 1863Indian Wars: Chief Pocatello of the Shoshone tribe signs the Treaty of Box Elder, agreeing to stop the harassment of emigrant trails in southern Idaho and northern Utah.
- 1864American Civil War: Battle of the CraterUnion forces attempt to break Confederate lines at Petersburg, Virginia by exploding a large bomb under their trenches.
- 1866New Orleans's Democratic government orders police to raid an integrated Republican Party meeting, killing 40 people and injuring 150.
- 1871 – The Staten Island Ferry Westfield's boiler explodes, killing over 85 people.
- 1916Black Tom Island explosion in Jersey City, New Jersey.
- 1930 – In Montevideo, Uruguay wins the first Football World Cup.
- 1932 – Premiere of Walt Disney's Flowers and Trees, the first cartoon short to use Technicolor and the first Academy Award winning cartoon short.
- 1945World War II: Japanese submarine I-58 sinks the USS Indianapolis, killing 883 seamen.
- 1956 – A joint resolution of the U.S. Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing In God We Trust as the U.S. national motto.
- 1965 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
- 1969Vietnam War: US President Richard M. Nixon makes an unscheduled visit to South Vietnam and meets with President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu and U.S. military commanders.
- 1971Apollo program: Apollo 15 Mission – David Scott and James Irwin on the Apollo Lunar Module module Falcon land on the Moon with the first Lunar Rover.
- 1971 – An All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 and a Japanese Air Force F-86 collide over Morioka, Japan killing 162.
- 1974Watergate Scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the United States Supreme Court.
- 1974 – Six Royal Canadian Army Cadets are killed and fifty-four are injured in an accidental grenade blast at CFB Valcartier Cadet Camp.
- 1975Jimmy Hoffa disappears from the parking lot of the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, at about 2:30 p.m. He is never seen or heard from again, and will be declared legally dead on this date in 1982.
- 1975 – The Troubles: three members of a popular cabaret band and two gunmen are killed during a botched paramilitary attack in Northern Ireland (see Miami Showband killings).
- 1978 – The 730 (transport), Okinawa changes its traffic on the right-hand side of the road to the left-hand side.
- 1980Vanuatu gains independence.
- 1980 – Israel's Knesset passes the Jerusalem Law
- 2003 – In Mexico, the last 'old style' Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the assembly line.
- 2006 – The world's longest running music show Top of the Pops is broadcast for the last time on BBC Two. The show had aired for 42 years.
- 2006 – Lebanon War: At least 28 civilians, including 16 children are killed by the Israeli Air Force in what Lebanese call the Second Qana massacre and what Israel considers to be an attempt to stop rockets' being fired, from Lebanon, at Israeli civilian targets.
Births
- 1511Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter, biographer, art historian and architect (d. 1574)
- 1549Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1609)
- 1641Regnier de Graaf, Dutch physician and anatomist (d. 1673)
- 1751Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian musician (d. 1829)
- 1763Samuel Rogers, English poet (d. 1855)
- 1809Charles Chiniquy, Quebec excommunicated Catholic priest (d. 1899)
- 1818Emily Brontë, English novelist (d. 1848)
- 1818 – Jan Heemskerk, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1897)
- 1825Chaim Aronson, Lithuanian inventor, academic and memoirs writer (d. 1893)
- 1855Georg Wilhelm von Siemens, German industrialist (d. 1919)
- 1857Thorstein Veblen, American economist (d. 1929)
- 1859Henry Simpson Lunn, English humanitarian (d. 1939)
- 1863Henry Ford, American industrialist (d. 1947)
- 1872Princess Clémentine of Belgium (d. 1955)
- 1881Smedley Butler, American Marine general (d. 1940)
- 1889Vladimir Zworykin, Russian physicist (d. 1982)
- 1890Casey Stengel, American baseball manager (d. 1975)
- 1893Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani political activist, sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah and "Mother of the Nation" (d. 1967)
- 1895Wanda Hawley, American actress (d. 1963)
- 1898Henry Moore, English sculptor (d. 1986)
- 1899Gerald Moore, English pianist (d. 1987)
- 1901Alfred Lépine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1955)
- 1904Salvador Novo, Mexican writer (d. 1974)
- 1909C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian (d. 1993)
- 1909 – Magda Schneider German actress (d. 1996).
- 1910Edgar de Evia, American photographer (d. 2003)
- 1914Lord Killanin, Irish IOC president (d. 1999)
- 1916Dick Wilson, American actor (d. 2007)
- 1919Berniece Baker Miracle, half-sister of Marilyn Monroe
- 1921Grant Johannesen, American pianist (d. 2005)
- 1922Henry W. Bloch, American co-founder of H&R Block
- 1925Alexander Trocchi, Scottish writer (d. 1984)
- 1925 – Jacques Sernas, French actor
- 1926Christine McGuire, American singer (The McGuire Sisters)
- 1927Pete Schoening, American mountaineer (d. 2004)
- 1927 – Victor Wong, American actor (d. 2001)
- 1928Eunice Muñoz, Portuguese actress
- 1928 – Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2007)
- 1929Sid Krofft, Canadian children's television producer
- 1933Edd Byrnes, American actor
- 1934Bud Selig, American Commissioner of Baseball
- 1935Ted Rogers, English comedian and game show host (d. 2001)
- 1936Buddy Guy, American blues guitarist and singer
- 1936 – Infanta Pilar of Spain
- 1936 – Ralph Taeger, American actor
- 1938Hervé de Charette, French politician
- 1939Peter Bogdanovich, American film director
- 1939 – Eleanor Smeal, American feminist
- 1940Pat Schroeder, American politician
- 1940 – Sir Clive Sinclair, English entrepreneur and inventor
- 1941Paul Anka, Canadian singer and composer
- 1943Henri-François Gautrin, Quebec politician
- 1945Patrick Modiano, French novelist
- 1945 – David Sanborn, American saxophonist
- 1946Neil Bonnett, American race car driver (d. 1994)
- 1947William Atherton, American actor
- 1947 – Jonathan Mann, American AIDS activist (d. 1998)
- 1947 – Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-born American actor, bodybuilder and politician, 38th Governor of California
- 1948Jean Reno, Moroccan-born French actor
- 1948 – Julia Tsenova, Bulgarian composer and pianist (d. 2010)
- 1949Duck Baker, American guitarist
- 1950Frank Stallone, American singer and actor
- 1951Alan Kourie, South African cricketer
- 1954Ken Olin, American actor
- 1956Delta Burke, American actress
- 1956 – Réal Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1956 – Anita Hill, American academic, witness at the sexual harassment trial against Clarence Thomas
- 1956 – Soraida Martinez, American painter, creator of Verdadism
- 1957Clint Hurdle, American baseball player and manager
- 1957 – Bill Cartwright, American basketball player
- 1957 – Nery Pumpido, Argentine footballer
- 1957 – Rat Scabies, English drummer (The Damned)
- 1958Kate Bush, English singer-songwriter
- 1958 – Neal McCoy, American singer-songwriter and humanitarian
- 1958 – Daley Thompson, English decathlete
- 1960Richard Linklater, American filmmaker
- 1961Laurence Fishburne, American actor
- 1962Alton Brown, American television host and chef
- 1962 – Jay Feaster, American National Hockey League executive
- 1963Lisa Kudrow, American actress
- 1963 – Chris Mullin, American basketball player
- 1964Vivica A. Fox, American actress
- 1964 – Jürgen Klinsmann, German footballer and manager
- 1964 – Alek Keshishian, Lebanese-born American film director
- 1965Tim Munton, England cricketer
- 1966Allan Langer, Australian Rugby League Player
- 1968Terry Crews, American football player and actor
- 1968 – Robert Korzeniowski, Polish racewalker
- 1968 – Sean Moore, Welsh drummer (Manic Street Preachers)
- 1969Simon Baker, Australian actor
- 1969 – Errol Stewart, South African cricketer and lawyer
- 1970Dean Edwards, American comedian
- 1970 – Christopher Nolan, English film director
- 1971Elvis Crespo, Puerto Rican singer
- 1971 – Tom Green, Canadian comedian and actor
- 1971 – Sagi Kalev, Israeli-born American bodybuilder
- 1971 – Christine Taylor, American actress
- 1973Markus Näslund, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1973 – Sonu Nigam, Indian singer and actor
- 1974Sandra Diaz-Twine, American winner of Survivor: Pearl Islands and Survivor: Heroes vs. Villians
- 1974 – Radostin Kishishev, Bulgarian footballer
- 1974 – Jason Robinson, English dual-code rugby player
- 1974 – Hilary Swank, American actress
- 1975Graham Nicholls, English artist
- 1975 – Cherie Priest, American writer
- 1977Diana Bolocco, Chilean television presenter
- 1977 – James Branaman, American model and reality show contestant (The Amazing Race)
- 1977 – Jaime Pressly, American actress
- 1977 – Ian Watkins, Welsh singer (Lostprophets)
- 1979Carlos Arroyo, Puerto Rican basketball player
- 1979 – Show Luo, Taiwanese singer, television host, dancer and actor
- 1979 – Graeme McDowell, Northern Irish golfer
- 1980 – Sara Anzanello, Italian volleyball player
- 1980 – Justin Rose, British golfer
- 1980 – Chuck Thomas, British TV producer and presenter
- 1981Nicky Hayden, American motorcycle racer
- 1981 – Juan Smith, South African rugby player
- 1982James Anderson, English cricketer
- 1982 – Jehad Al-Hussain, Syrian footballer
- 1982 – Yvonne Strahovski, Australian actress
- 1983Sean Dillon, Irish footballer
- 1984Gabrielle Christian, American actress
- 1984 – Kevin Pittsnogle, American basketball player
- 1985Daniel Fredheim Holm, Norwegian footballer
- 1990Coco Sumner, Italy-born English singer-songwriter and guitarist, daughter of Sting
- 1991Diana Vickers, English singer and stage actress
- 1999Joey King, American actress
- 2002Prince Hridayendra of Nepal, Nepalese royal
Deaths
- 578Jacob Baradaeus, Bishop of Edessa (birth date unknown)
- 579Pope Benedict I (birth date unknown)
- 1540Thomas Abel, English priest (martyred) (b. c. 1497)
- 1540 – Robert Barnes, English churchman (martyred) (b. 1495)
- 1550Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, English politician (b. 1505)
- 1652Charles Amédée de Savoie, 6th Duc de Nemours, French soldier (b. 1624)
- 1680Thomas Butler, Earl of Ossory, Irish naval commander (b. 1634)
- 1683Maria Theresa of Spain, Spanish-born Queen consort of France, wife of Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
- 1691Daniel Georg Morhof, German writer and scholar (b. 1639)
- 1718William Penn, English founder of the Province of Pennsylvania (b. 1644)
- 1771Thomas Gray, English poet and letter-writer (b. 1716)
- 1789Giovanna Bonanno, Italian poisoner and alleged witch (b. c. 1713)
- 1811Miguel Hidalgo, Mexican patriot and Independence leader (b. 1753)
- 1875George Pickett, American Confederate general (b. 1825)
- 1889Charlie Absolom, England cricketer (b. 1846)
- 1898Otto von Bismarck, 1st Chancellor of the German Empire (b. 1815)
- 1900Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1844)
- 1912Emperor Meiji, Japanese emperor (b. 1852)
- 1918Joyce Kilmer, American poet (b. 1886)
- 1920Albert Gustaf Dahlman, Swedish executioner, the last to carry out capital punishment in Sweden (b. 1848)
- 1930Joan Gamper, Swiss-born Spanish football pioneer, businessman and founder of FC Barcelona (b. 1877)
- 1947Joseph Cook, 6th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
- 1965Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese novelist (b. 1886)
- 1970George Szell, Hungarian conductor (b. 1897)
- 1982Roberta Pedon, American glamour model (b. 1954)
- 1983Howard Dietz, American lyricist (b. 1896)
- 1983 – Lynn Fontanne, English actress (b. 1887)
- 1985Julia Robinson, American mathematician (b. 1919)
- 1989Lane Frost, American bull rider (b. 1963)
- 1992Joe Shuster, Canadian comic book artist (b. 1914)
- 1992 – Brenda Marshall, American actress (b. 1915)
- 1994Ryszard Riedel, Polish singer (b.1956)
- 1996Claudette Colbert, American actress (b. 1903)
- 1997Bảo Đại, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1913)
- 1998Buffalo Bob Smith, American television host (Howdy Doody) (b. 1917)
- 1998 – Jorge Russek, Mexican actor (b. 1932)
- 2001Anton Schwarzkopf, German amusement ride engineer (b. 1924)
- 2003Sam Phillips, American record producer (b. 1923)
- 2004Andre Noble, Canadian actor (b. 1979)
- 2005Ray Cunningham, American baseball player (b. 1905)
- 2005 – John Garang, Vice President of Sudan (b. 1945)
- 2005 – Anthony Walker, English hate crime murder victim (b. 1987)
- 2006Anthony Galla-Rini, American accordionist (b. 1904)
- 2006 – Al Balding, Canadian golfer (b. 1924)
- 2006 – Murray Bookchin, American libertarian socialist (b. 1921)
- 2007Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film director (b. 1912)
- 2007 – Teoctist, Romanian-born Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church (b. 1915)
- 2007 – Ingmar Bergman, Swedish stage and film director (b. 1918)
- 2007 – Bill Walsh, American football coach (b. 1931)
- 2008Anne Armstrong U.S. ambassador to Britain (b. 1927)
- 2009Peter Zadek, German theatre director (b. 1926)
Holidays and observances
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